| Points | Position | |
|---|---|---|
| CEF.UP+NIPE (average of all rankings) (2012) | 16.82 | 273/501 |
| ABS (2010) | 50.0 | 170/288 |
| Australian RC (2010) | 50.0 | 251/479 |
| Combes and Linnemer (2003) | 17.0 | 157/253 |
| Lubrano et al (2003) | 20.0 | 199/211 |
| Schneider and Ursprung (2008) | 20.0 | 202/278 |
| Count (2020) | 1.0 | 575/641 |
Trade Performance of the Less Developed African Countries
Maria Paula Fontoura,
Nuno Crespo
vol. 49, 2015, p. 223-241.
The Asymmetric Impact of Growth Fluctuation on Human Development: Evidence from Correlates of Growth Decelerations and Accelerations
Pedro Conceição,
Namsuk Kim
vol. 48, 2014, p. 31-45.